Important Points for Microbiology Preparation. There are some important points related to microbiology for preparation of GPAT, NIPER and other competitive exams.
- In relation to sterilization, the meaning of D300F - 2 minutes is the death of 90% microorganism in 2 minutes at 300॰F.
- Bacteria are negatively charged, and the coloured positive ion of a basic dye will stain bacterial cells.
- The coloured negative ion of an acid dye will stain the background of a smear, producing a negative stain.
- D value or Decimal reduction time - Time in minutes at any defined temperature to destroy 90% of viable organisms.
- Z value or Thermal destruction value - The number of degrees of temperature change to produce a ten-fold change in D value.
- Q or temperature coefficient = time to kill at X॰c/time to kill at X + 10॰c
Moist heat sterilisation (121-degree Centigrade ) - Bacillus stearo thermophilus
Dry heat sterilisation (160-degree centigrade) - Bacillus subtilis var niger
Hydrogen peroxide and peracetic acid - Bacillus stearo thermophilus
Ethylene oxide, formaldehyde - Bacillus subtilis var niger
Ionising radiation - Bacillus pumilis
Diagnostic Tests
Name of disease and its diagnostic tests.For Syphilis.
1. VDRL Test,
2. Kahn Test,
3. Wasserman Test,
4. Treponema Immobilization Test,
5. Fluorescent Antibody-Absorbed Serum Test.
For Diptheria
1. Schick Test,
2. Elex Test.
For T.B - Tuberculin, Mantoux Test.
For Leprosy - Lepromin Test.
Typhoid or Enteric Fever - WIDAL Test.
Rheumatoid Arthritis - Rose Water Test.
Small Pox - Ouchterlony
Pneumonia
1. Cold Hemagglutination Test,
2. Streptococcus MG Hemagglutination test
Brucellosis - Coombs Test (Opsonization Test).
Lymphogranuloma - Venerum, Frei Test.
Typhus Fever - Weil Felix Test.
For Hemophillius - Ducrey Test.
For scarlet fever - Dick Test.
To detect Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin in serum.
Gonadotrophin in Serum of a woman.
Radia Immuno Assay (RIA).
